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Brachidontes pharaonis

(P. Fischer, 1870)
Mollusca » Mytilida » Mytilidae » Brachidontes pharaonis
Common name (English)
Rayed Erythrean mussel
Ηabitat
A: Marine
Global distribution

Aegean Sea 692 2; Aegean Sea 65481 0; Egypt 201 1; Egypt 1732 0; Maltese Exclusive Economic Zone 843 3; Maltese Exclusive Economic Zone 36868 0; Mediterranean Sea 1618 0; Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin 612 2; Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin 4484 0; Mediterranean Sea - Western Basin 611 2; Mediterranean Sea - Western Basin 4481 0; North Atlantic Ocean 645 2; North Atlantic Ocean 349 0

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Habitat detail

Occurs in shallow and sheltered marine areas and in hypersaline waters (> 45 PSU). It can live in polluted waters and very high temperatures.

Establishment status
Established
Establishment status detail

Alien: Invasive

First detection year
1960
Online resource
http://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140437
Pathway
4 TRANSPORT – STOWAWAY - Ship/boat ballast water – Ballast
4 TRANSPORT – STOWAWAY - Ship/boat hull fouling – Hull
6 UNAIDED - Natural dispersal across border of IAS that have been introduced through pathways 1-5 - Nat
5 CORRIDOR - Interconnected waterways – Water
Pathway detail

Suez Canal; Transported in ballast water in microscopic stage of life history or as fragments; attachment to ship hulls

Other notes

1st Med record: 1876

1st Med country: Egypt

References

Tornaritis G (1987) Mediterranean Sea Shells. Nicosia, Cyprus, published by the author.

Katsanevakis S, Tsiamis K, Ioannou G, Michailidis N, Zenetos A (2009) Inventory of alien marine species of Cyprus (2009). Mediterranean Marine Science 10(2): 109-134. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.113

Zenetos A, Delongueville C, Scaillet R (2024) An Overlooked Group of Citizen Scientists in Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) Information: Shell Collectors and Their Contribution to Molluscan NIS Xenodiversity. Diversity 16: 299. https://doi.org/10.3390/d16050299

Michail C, Crocetta F, Zenetos A, Langeneck J, Tsiamis K, Tiralongo F, Kletou D, Constantinou G, Cai LL, Vasiliades L, Rousou M, Katsanevakis S, Tanduo V, Hadjieftychiou SI, Papageorgiou IV, Kleitou P (2026) Marine non-indigenous species of Cyprus: pathways, introduction dynamics, spatial patterns, and policy implications. Biological Invasions 28(97). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-026-03814-6

Joint Service Health Unit
University of Cyprus - Department of Biological Sciences
Darwin Initiative
Akrotiri Environment

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