Rodolia cardinalis
Australia 13 0; North America 132 0; Oceania 131 0
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Alien:
"In 1938, R. cardinalis originating from Egypt was released in Cyprus, but failed to establish. It was reintroduced and released in 1939, and this time it established and provided effective control of Icerya purchasi" (Wood 1963; Gerber and Schaffner 2016); reared on Icerya purchasi coll. on citrus (Georghiou 1977).
Wood BJ (1963) Imported and indigenous natural enemies of citrus coccids and aphids in Cyprus, and an assessment of their potential value in integrated control programmes. Entomophaga 8: 67–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02381339
Georghiou GP (1977) The insects and mites of Cyprus. With emphasis on species of economic importance to agriculture, forestry, man and domestic animals. Benaki Phytopathological Institute. Kiphissia, Athens Greece 347 pp.
Gerber E, Schaffner U (2016) Chapter 2: European insect biocontrol agents released in Europe. In: Gerber E, Schaffner U (Eds) Review of invertebrate biological control agents introduced into Europe.CABI Switzerland, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont pp. 118-127.