Setaria verticillata
Afghanistan 2 1; Afghanistan 196 0; Alabama 27 1; Alabama 1530 0; Albania 28 1; Albania 1867 0; Algeria 30 1; Algeria 199 0; Andaman Is. 34 1; Andaman Is. 231 0; Angola 36 1; Angola 85 0; Argentina Northeast 87 0; Argentina Northwest 175 0; Argentina South 1758 0; Arizona 38 1; Arizona 1513 0; Arkansas 39 1; Arkansas 1529 0; Ascension 41 1; Ascension 1755 0; Austria 51 1; Austria 901 0; Azores 53 1; Azores 1751 0; Bahamas 54 1; Bahamas 164 0; Baleares 55 1; Baleares 1987 0; Baltic States 1512 0; Bangladesh 56 1; Bangladesh 234 0; Belarus 63 1; Belarus 1585 0; Belgium 59 1; Belgium 1507 0; Benin 57 1; Benin 191 0; Bermuda 58 1; Bermuda 220 0; Botswana 74 1; Botswana 99 0; Brazil Northeast 79 0; Brazil South 86 0; Brazil Southeast 166 0; British Columbia 76 1; British Columbia 1516 0; Bulgaria 78 1; Bulgaria 252 0; Burkina 62 1; Burkina 235 0; Burundi 79 1; Burundi 31 0; California 111 1; California 1527 0; Cambodia 113 1; Cambodia 91 0; Cameroon 166 1; Cameroon 26 0; Cape Provinces 74 0; 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"+ Div. 1: Miliou, c. 200 m, citrus groves, 4 Jul 2014, Hadjikyriakou 7328" (Hand 2015).
Questionable: Taxon not included in Meikle though S. verticillata described for cultivated, often irrigated, land, roadsides, waste ground etc; sea-level to 4000' - sites listed for most Divisions, including Limassol in Division 3.
Considered to be indigenous in at least one area of Cyprus by Hand et al. (2011-2020).
Note that the situation is also confused by the issue of taxonomic distinctiveness of S. verticillata from S. adhaerens (Forssk.) Chiov. (e.g. the Kew GrassBase and the considers them synonymous, see http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421428-1). Hand et al. (2011-2020) list S. adhaerens separately from S. verticillata and class it as "naturalised invasive".
But see the Establishment status detail above.
CBD pathways per EASIN (2023).
As the species is not established introduction pathways are indicated in case of possible/potential escape from confinement.
Meikle RD (1985) Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 2.
Chrtek J, Slavík B (2001) Contribution to the flora of Cyprus. 5. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica 45: 267-293.
Slavík B, Jarolímová V, Chrtek J (2002) Chromosome counts of some plants from Cyprus. 2. Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Biologica 46: 295-302.
Hand R, Hadjikyriakou GN, Christodoulou CS (Eds) (2011) – (continuously updated): Flora of Cyprus – a dynamic checklist. Published at http://www.flora-of-cyprus.eu/; accessed 22nd May 2020.
Hand R (2015) Supplementary notes to the flora of Cyprus VIII. Willdenowia 45(2): 245-259. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.45.45210
EASIN (2023) European Commission Joint Research Centre: European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN). https://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/